COP (Conference of the Parties) is a series of United Nations climate change conferences, which have been running since 1995.

The goal of these conferences is to review progress made by members of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to limit climate change (Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership, 2024).

The UNFCCC is an agreement between 197 countries of the United Nations. The agreement is to “stabilise greenhouse gas concentrations at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic (human-induced) interference with the climate system” (Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership, 2024).